Basic Concepts of Law for Non-Lawyers

TEACHING UNIT 1. SOURCES OF LAW Introduction Constitution Laws Regulations of a lower legal rank than laws Custom General principles of law Case law Autonomous community regulations International treaties European Union regulations TEACHING UNIT 2. THE CONSTITUTION AND ORGANIZATION OF THE STATE Basic Constitutional Principles Fundamental Rights and Duties and Public Freedoms in the Constitution Powers of the State: Legislative, Executive, Judicial. The Crown Territorial Organization of the State TEACHING UNIT 3. BRANCHES OF LAW AND JURISDICTIONS Introduction: Private Law and Public Law Jurisdictions. Courts and Tribunals of Justice Constitutional Court Other Bodies and Courts of Special Relevance TEACHING UNIT 4. CIVIL LAW Introduction to Civil Law Property Law Law of Obligations Civil Contract Law Unjust Enrichment Law of Non-Contractual Civil Liability Bibliography TEACHING UNIT 5. COMMERCIAL LAW Introduction Corporations vs. Limited Liability Companies Corporate Governance Bodies and Authorizations Commercial Contracts Competition Law and Unfair Competition Consumer and User Rights Industrial Property Intellectual Property Personal Data Protection Bibliography TEACHING UNIT 6. ADMINISTRATIVE LAW Introduction: General Administrative Principles Interested Parties and Rights of Citizens Administrative Provisions and Acts (Obligation to Rule, Administrative Silence, Statement of Reasons, Enforceability, Notification and Publication, Nullity, and Voidability) Terms and Deadlines Administrative Procedures Review of Acts. Administrative Appeals and Contentious-Administrative Proceedings Power to Impose Sanctions Financial Liability of the Administration Public Sector Contracts Urban Planning and Land Use Compulsory Expropriation TEACHING UNIT 7. EUROPEAN UNION LAW Introduction Sources of European Union law Institutions of the European Union Autonomy and conflict between European law and national legal systems Bibliography TEACHING UNIT 8. PROCEDURAL LAW. DISPUTE RESOLUTION Introduction Ordinary Jurisdiction: Types of Proceedings and Courts (Civil Proceedings) Enforcement of Judgments Non-contentious Jurisdiction Basic Concepts of Bankruptcy Law Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Representation in Judicial Proceedings TEACHING UNIT 9. TAX LAW Concept and Purposes of Taxation. Duty to Pay Taxes and the Principle of Legal Reserve in Tax Matters Types of Taxes The Legal-Tax Relationship The Essential Elements of the Primary Tax Liability Other Taxpayers, Other Than Taxpayers Subject to Tax Grounds for the Extinction of Tax Obligations Tax Enforcement Procedures. Introduction Administrative Tax Administration Procedures (Articles A of the General Tax Law) The Tax Audit Procedure (Articles A of the General Tax Law) Enforcement collection proceedings (Articles A of the LGT) Tax violations and penalties, and tax penalty proceedings (Articles A of the LGT) Review proceedings (claims and appeals). Articles a of the LGT TEACHING UNIT 10. LABOR LAW Self-employment and employment Standard employment relationship and senior management Doctrinal bibliographic sources TEACHING UNIT 11. ECONOMIC CRIMINAL LAW Introduction and basic concepts of criminal law General Part of Economic Criminal Law Special Part of Economic Criminal Law Criminal procedural law applicable to legal entities Criminal compliance Civil liability arising from a criminal offense.